Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis
Framing
- Glomerulonephritis is divided by tempo - rapidly progressive (crescentic, aggressive, requires urgent immunosuppression to prevent irreversible renal failure within weeks) versus the broader nephritic syndrome spectrum (haematuria, hypertension, variable renal impairment, more heterogeneous causes and urgency)
- Renal biopsy is central to both, since the specific immunopathological pattern (immune complex, pauci-immune/ANCA-associated, anti-GBM) determines both prognosis and the specific immunosuppressive regimen required
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