Pharmacology, Toxicology and Addiction Medicine

144 written of 144 topics · 43 curriculum entries

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Presentations

Tier 1comprehensive depth

Coma Delirium (agitated or hypoactive)Seizures

Associated with adverse drug interactions

🔒 acid–base and electrolyte disorders 🔒 anaphylaxis 🔒 arrhythmias 🔒 constipation 🔒 cutaneous reactions 🔒 diarrhoea 🔒 gastrointestinal bleeding 🔒 hypo- and hyperglycaemia 🔒 hypotension 🔒 mental state changes 🔒 movement disorders 🔒 nausea 🔒 renal impairment 🔒 rhabdomyolysis 🔒 vomiting

Tier 2understand these

Unusual (idiosyncratic, Type B) adverse drug reactions, e.g. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome🔒

🔒 carbon monoxide 🔒 insect stings 🔒 pesticides 🔒 salicylates1 🔒 snake bites 🔒 spider bites

Tier 2understand these

Life-threatening adverse drug reactions causing

🔒 cardiac failure 🔒 cardiac arrhythmias, such as, tachy and brady arrhythmias or cardiac conduction blocks 🔒 neutropaenia 🔒 QT prolongation2 🔒 respiratory depression 🔒 seizures

Accepted healthy alcohol intake according to sex, age, and pregnancy and lactation status🔒Categories of drug safety in pregnancy and their impact on prescribing🔒Common drug–drug interactions between prescription medications, non-prescription medications, and complementary therapies🔒Interpretation of the results of clinical trials involving medicines🔒Key neurotransmitters and their actions🔒

Mechanism of action at the receptor and intracellular level, adverse effects, interactions, and pharmacokinetics of common types of

🔒 Analgesics 🔒 Antiarrhythmics 🔒 Antiasthmatics 🔒 Anticoagulants 🔒 Antidepressants 🔒 Antidiabetics 🔒 Antihypertensives 🔒 Antimicrobials 🔒 Antipsychotics 🔒 Benzodiazepines1 🔒 Chemotherapeutics 🔒 Diuretics 🔒 Immunosuppressants

Effect of liver failure, renal failure, critical illness, ageing and pregnancy on pharmacokinetics, and the need for dose adjustment in these circumstances🔒Empiric antimicrobial therapy with appropriate agent (considering antimicrobial spectrum) and dose, taking patient factors into consideration, such as age, history of adverse drug reactions, comorbid conditions and medications, and local or national guidelines🔒

Medication adherence

🔒 factors affecting adherence 🔒 strategies to improve adherence

Non-pharmacological alternatives to psychotropic medication🔒Pharmacotherapy in pain management and the safe prescribing of opioids🔒

Principles of pharmacology and pharmacokinetics

🔒 absorption 🔒 delivery techniques, such as oral, intravenous, transdermal 🔒 dose-response relationship 🔒 excretion 🔒 mechanisms of action 🔒 metabolism, including genetic factors and drug–drug interactions of cytochrome P450 enzymes 🔒 bioavailability

Substance use disorders

🔒 definitions and epidemiology of substance use disorders, including prevalence and age of onset 🔒 principles of addiction treatment including withdrawal management and relapse prevention 🔒 principles of harm reduction 🔒 principles of the neurobiology of addiction and tolerance

Liver function and impact on drug clearance🔒Renal function and impact on drug clearance🔒Specific electrocardiogram changes in drug toxicity🔒Mental state examination🔒Pain scoring tools🔒Screening for substance misuse and conducting brief interventions to reduce harm from drug, alcohol, or cigarette use🔒

Therapeutic drug monitoring

🔒 identification of adverse reactions 🔒 indications for monitoring plasma concentrations, the importance of understanding the therapeutic range, and how to respond to concentrations outside that range 🔒 monitoring for common adverse drug reactions 🔒 monitoring of renal or hepatic function 🔒 specific drug concentrations and their interpretation, including digoxin, lithium, antibiotics, and anticonvulsants

Withdrawal scales for

🔒 alcohol 🔒 opioids

Best practice for self-monitoring the effect of medicines prescribed for treating chronic disease, such as diabetes, hypertension, and respiratory disease🔒Ethics and consent processes associated with using therapies ‘off label’🔒Indications and methods for use and interpretation of withdrawal scales for alcohol and opioids relevant to settings🔒Legislation regarding prescribing of controlled and restricted drugs🔒

Medication safety

🔒 antimicrobial stewardship1 🔒 assessment of likelihood of an adverse drug reaction (including allergy), for example using of the Naranjo Scale 🔒 factors increasing risk of error 🔒 factors predisposing to polypharmacy including the ‘therapeutic cascade’ and the process for deprescribing 🔒 prescribing in special populations, relating to age, pregnancy, renal impairment, liver failure, or critical illness 🔒 risk–benefit analysis for prescribing anticoagulants

Obtaining accurate medication history, including drug allergies and complementary and alternative medicines🔒Patient factors impacting on prescribing, such as adverse drug reactions, age, and pregnancy🔒Phases of drug development🔒Recognition that an adverse drug reaction may contribute to the differential diagnosis🔒Regulatory and funding frameworks in which medicines are made available🔒