NeurologyTier 2Topic overview

Unusual stroke syndrome

Framing

Umbrella topic for stroke mechanisms outside the common large-vessel atherosclerotic/cardioembolic/small-vessel triad - important because they present in younger patients and change the secondary prevention workup

Cervicocerebral artery dissection - trauma/spontaneous, younger patients, neck pain + Horner's syndrome + delayed ischaemia
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis - headache, seizures, papilloedema, risk factors distinct from arterial stroke
Other causes not separately noted: CADASIL (NOTCH3, migraine + subcortical infarcts + dementia, autosomal dominant), moyamoya (progressive intracranial ICA stenosis with a "puff of smoke" collateral network), watershed/borderzone infarction (hypoperfusion rather than embolic - look for a hypotensive/hypoxic trigger)

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