Biostatistics
23 written of 23 topics · 3 entries (derived from exam corpus)
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Concepts
Tier 1frequently tested
Statistical calculation
Confidence interval interpretation - statistical significanceConverting odds ratio to prevalence/risk given baseline rate1Likelihood ratio calculation (positive/negative)Odds ratio calculation from case-control study data🔒 P-value - definition and common misinterpretations1🔒 Positive predictive value calculation from prevalence, sensitivity, specificity (Bayes theorem)2🔒 Relative risk reduction / absolute risk reduction calculation🔒 ROC/threshold selection - trade-off between sensitivity and specificity🔒 Statistical test selection (chi-squared, Fisher's exact, t-test, Mann-Whitney)🔒 Time-to-event outcome measures (hazard ratio vs relative risk vs incidence rate)🔒 Type I and Type II statistical errors - definitions🔒 Variable types in statistics (categorical, continuous, ordinal, nominal)1🔒 Z-score interpretation and normal distribution (percentile equivalence)1
Study design and interpretation
🔒 Bradford Hill criteria for causation🔒 Clinical trial phases (I-IV) and their purposes7🔒 Evidence for population screening programs (mortality benefit)🔒 Hierarchy of evidence in study design1🔒 Interpreting forest plots and subgroup analyses1🔒 Interpreting survival/Kaplan-Meier curves from RCTs🔒 Statistical power - definition and determinants1🔒 Study design types - selection and recognition (cohort, case-control, RCT, cluster, stepped-wedge, ecological)🔒 Types of bias in epidemiological studies (recall, selection, confounding, information)2
Tier 2tested occasionally
Study design